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Yup. And the space between the gears is important too.
Regarding the port, it's not to get rid of excess air, it's to match the cylinder volume with the barrel volume. MadMax had a good article on this a few years ago, the difference between ported and non-ported is basically 'hard start and soft start', in a short barrel you need to have 100% power right at the start, so the port is there to do that, the piston is moving at full speed and by the time the head meets the end of the port, full power is applied once sealed. In a non-ported gun, because of the longer barrel length (and greater internal air volume), the soft start is allowable because the BB will still be in the barrel by the time the piston reaches full power stroke.
And, for the heck of it, I tried a full cylinder in my 350fps MP5 at one point, I lost 30fps.
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